House electrical wiring is an important process

 1. Planning and Design

Layout and Drawing: Before starting wiring, prepare a layout, which determines the location of power points, switch boards, fans, lights and appliances of each room.

Future Expansion: Plan additional points and piping for appliances required in future.

Load Calculation: Estimate the load correctly for each room and select the MCB and wire thickness accordingly.

2. Selecting the right material

Wire: Use only copper wire with ISI mark as it is more durable and safe. The thickness of the wire should be according to the load (e.g. 1.5 mm² for lights, 2.5 mm² for power points and 4 mm² or 6 mm² for AC, geyser).

Conduit Pipes: Use PVC pipes and choose quality material so that there is no problem of dampness and cracking in the wall.

 Switches and Sockets: Use good quality modular switches and sockets which are durable and safe.

MCB and RCD: Use MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker) and RCD (Residual Current Device) for protection against short circuits and current leaks.

3. Wire pulling technique

Straight and simple path: Keep the path of wires simple and straight so that it is easy during any repair in future.

Use of correct color: Use different color for different wires so that it is clear which wire is phase (Live), Neutral and Earth.

Phase (Live): Red or Brown

Neutral (Neutral): Blue

Earth (Green or Yellow-Green)

Correct method of connection: Avoid making joints to connect the wires. Use good quality connectors if necessary.

Wire length: Always leave a little extra wire so that there is enough length for connection.

4. Safety measures

Earthing: Earthing should be correct so that if there is current leakage in any appliance, it does not shock the person.

Division of circuit: Make separate circuits for lighting, power points, and heavy appliances (AC, geyser) so that if there is a fault in any one circuit, the entire power does not go off.

Prevention of sparking: Fit the socket and plug correctly so that loose connections do not cause sparking.

Prevention of overloading: Do not connect too many appliances at the same point, this may cause overloading and the wires may melt.

5. Voltage current chek aur testing

voltej aur karant chek: voltej aur karant ka sahee pareekshan karen taaki har pvaint par sahee bijalee aa rahee ho.

insuleshan test: sunishchit karen ki kisee bhee vaayar ka insuleshan toota hua na ho taaki short sarkit se bacha ja sake.

lod test: bijalee ke upakaranon ko chalaakar yah jaanchen ki sarkit sahee se kaam kar raha hai ya nahin.

-6. aadhunik takaneek aur smaart pheechars

smaart vaayaring: iot (intairnait of things) aadhaarit vaayaring ka upayog karen taaki aap mobail se apane upakaranon ko niyantrit kar saken.

dimar aur sensar: lait ke lie dimar aur otomaitik lait sensar ka upayog karen taaki bijalee kee bachat ho sake.

hom otomeshan: vaayaring mein smaart divais (jaise smaart svich aur smaart plag) ka upayog karen, jinhen mobail aip se kantrol kiya ja sake.

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7. any dhyaan dene yogy baaten

shramikon ka chayan: anubhavee aur prashikshit ilektreeshiyan ko kaam par lagaen taaki vaayaring sahee tareeke se kee ja sake.

dokyoomenteshan: vaayaring ke leaut aur kanekshan kee jaanakaaree ko dokyooment karen taaki bhavishy mein ripeyar ke samay pareshaanee na ho.

kleening aur phinishing: vaayaring ke baad, plaastar aur pent ka kaam saaph-suthara karen taaki paip aur vaayar baahar dikhaee na den.